Eurycomanone 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 10% HPLC
【English name】: Tongkat Ali extract, Eurycoma longifolia extract, Longjact extract
【Source of extraction】: Dry roots of Eurycoma longifolia in the tongkat family of the bitter wood family
【Product specifications】: 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 10%
【Detection method】: HPLC
【Product Description: Brown yellow powder
【Extraction solvent】: water ,ethanol
【Main ingredients】: eurocomanone, eurocomanol, eurocomalactone; Variant canthine-6-one alkaloids【Molecular formula】: H20H24O9
【Molecular weight】: 408.403
【CAS #】: 84633-29-4
【Packaging】: 1KG，2kg, 5kg/ food grade plastic bag; 25kg/firber drum
【Minimum order quantity】: 1kg
Eurycomanone / Tongkat Ali extract preparation method
1. Take the dry Tongkat Ali raw material and ultrafine grind it to a particle size of 80-120 mesh; Take 500kg of powder (with a total content of 0.28wt% of wide tasone and epoxy wide tasone in the raw material) and perform continuous countercurrent ultrasonic extraction: add purified water equivalent to 10 times the weight of the raw material, ultrasonic extraction time is 30 minutes, temperature is 20 ℃, and ultrasonic frequency is 30KHZ to obtain the extraction solution;

2. The extracted solution obtained in step 1 is subjected to tube centrifugation, and the centrifuged solution is passed through a 10000 molecular weight ultrafiltration membrane. Then, it is transferred to a membrane concentration equipment and concentrated until the Brix value of the solution is 9.6. The weight of the concentrated solution obtained is 86kg;

3. Transfer the concentrated solution obtained in step 2 to the batching tank and add 14.48kg α- Cyclodextrin, stir at room temperature for 20 minutes to obtain a homogeneous solution; The weight ratio of the solute in the encapsulation agent to the concentrated solution is 2:1;

4. Carry out spray drying of the homogenized solution obtained in step 3 to obtain 20.98kg of Tongkat Ali extract powder. The total weight content of eurycomanone and epoxy eurycomanone in the powder measured by HPLC was 6.44%, and the transfer rate of active ingredients was 96.51wt%. The product has a low bitterness.

Pharmacological effects of Eurycomanone / Tongkat Ali extract

Eurycomanone is a bitter lignin mushroom component and one of the most representative active ingredients in Tongkat Ali. Eurycomanone has a high content in the roots of Tongkat Ali plants and has the following functions:
1.The improvement of sexual function
Tongkat Ali has been used as a medicine and supplement in Southeast Asia for over a hundred years and has a significant role in improving male sexual dysfunction. As one of the most representative active ingredients in Tongkat Ali, eurycomanone also has the effect of improving male sexual function. Studies by Low and other countries have shown that lanthanide can inhibit the conversion of testosterone to estrogen by inhibiting the activity of aromatase, thereby increasing the production of testosterone by testicular interstitial cells. At high concentrations, eurycomanone may inhibit the activities of phosphodiesterase and aromatase simultaneously, thereby increasing the content of testosterone; By using molecular docking software to compare the binding sites of eurycomanone with phosphodiesterase and the existing phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) with phosphodiesterase, it was found that the binding sites of EN and IBMX with phosphodiesterase are not the same, indicating that EN may be a phosphodiesterase inhibitor different from IBMX. The study by Low et al. suggests that eurycomanone may be developed as a drug for the clinical treatment of male infertility caused by testosterone deficiency. In addition, Teh research has found that lanthanide has anti estrogen (estrogenic) activity comparable to tamoxifen (an anti estrogen drug).

2. Anticancer effect of eurycomanone / Tongkat Ali extract
Mysanone has cytotoxicity to many human cancer cells, such as breast cancer cells, colon cancer cells, lung cancer cells, fibrosarcoma cells, melanoma cells, etc. By upregulating the expression of the tumor suppressor gene P53 and regulating the expression of apoptosis related genes (upregulating Bax and downregulating Bcl-2), eurycomanone has a strong inhibitory effect on human liver cancer cells (HepG2). The half inhibitory concentration (IC) of eurycomanone on HepG2 cell proliferation is (3.8 ± 0. ⑵ Ag/mL, while the IC50 of tamoxifen on HepG2 cell proliferation is (3.7 ± 0.28) | ig/mL, and the inhibitory effects of both are equivalent; In terms of cytotoxicity, the toxicity of EN to normal human liver cells is 1/12 that of tamoxifen, ©。 Respectively (17 ± 0.15) jig/mL’C 1.4 ± 0.31)|The study by JLg/mL [10] o Wong et al. [1] found that EN can inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cells (A549) by inhibiting the expression of various lung cancer biomarkers. The Go of eurycomanone is 5.1 Mg/mL, and the IC50 of cis clamp is 0 58 | ig/mL. Lung cancer markers include heterogeneous nuclear ribosomal protein A2/B1, tumor suppressor gene p53, and other cancer-related proteins such as inhibin, annexin 1, endoplasmic reticulum protein 28, etc. Eurycomanone can inhibit the NF kB (nuclear factor kappa B) signaling pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation of nuclear factor inhibitor protein a (lKBa) and inhibiting upstream mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of human leukemia cells (Jurkat and K562), But without inhibiting the growth of normal cells, Tung et al. [⑶] isolated and purified 9 components of bitter lignin, including EN, from the root of Tongkat Ali, and studied the inhibitory effects of these 9 components on the proliferation of 7 human cancer cells (including gastric cancer cell KATO III, colon adenocarcinoma cell HCT-15, colon cancer cell Colon205, liver cancer cell HepG2, prostate cancer cell PC-3, leukemia cell Jurkat, and HL-60), The results showed that EN (with a concentration of 25 jxmol/L) selectively had a strong inhibitory effect on Jurkat (inhibition rate of 80.2%) and HL-60 (inhibition rate of 96.0%), while its cytotoxicity to normal skin fibroblasts was relatively low (inhibition rate of 11.8%). Kuo et al. isolated and identified 65 compounds from the root of Tongkatli, evaluated the activity of the isolated compounds, and found that EN had a strong inhibitory effect on the proliferation of human lung cancer cells (A549, IC5 °=8.1 pg/mL) and human breast cancer cells (MCF-7, IC50<2.5 iig/mL). Given the good inhibitory activity of EN on cancer cells and its high selective effect on cancer cells, Eurycomanone has great potential for development as a leading compound for cancer treatment chemicals or anticancer drugs.

3. Malaria effect of eurycomanone / Tongkat Ali extract

Chan et al. studied the anti malaria activity of acylated derivatives of eurycomanone and found that eurycomanone has strong anti malaria activity, and its killing activity against chlorine resistant malaria parasites is sequentially enhanced, that is, the diacylation of eurycomanone (referred to as compound 1)<eurycomanone<eurycomanone monoacylation (referred to as compound 2). Chan et al. found that lanthanide had a strong killing effect on Plasmodium falciparum W2 and D6, with Go values of 14.912ng/mL and 26.094ng/mL, respectively; A study on the plasmocidal activity of 7 monomeric compounds in the quercetin series, including eurycomanone, showed that eurycomanone was the most active monomeric compound in the quercetin series, and its insecticidal activity against chlorine resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains (Gombak A) and chlorine sensitive Plasmodium falciparum strains (D10) was 0.054 and 0.032 times higher than that of artemisinin (compound 3), respectively.

References
[1] Thu H E,Mohamed I N,Hussain Z,et al.Eurycoma longifolia Jack as a potential adoptogen of male sexual health:a systematic review on clinical studiesf J] .Chin J Nat Med,2017,15.(1) ：71-80.
[2] Low B S,Choi S B, Wahab H A,et al.Eurycomanone,the major quassinoid in Eurycoma longifolia root extract increases spennatogenesis by inhibiting the activity of phosphodiesterase and aromatase in steroidogenesis [ J].J Ethnopharmacol,2013,149(1)：201-207.
[3] Teh C H,Abdulghani M,Morita H,et al.Comparative X-ray and conformational analysis of a new crystal of 13a,21 -dihydioeurycomanone with eurycomanone from Eurycoma longifolia and their anti-estrogenic activity using the uterotrophic assay[J].Planta Med,2011,77(2) ： 128-132.
[4] Zakaria Y, Rahmat A, Pihie A H, et al.Eurycomanone induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells via up-regulation of p53[J].
Cancer Cell Int,2009,9( 1) : 1-6.
[5 ] Wong P F,Cheong W F,Shu M H,et al.Eurycomanone suppresses expression of lung cancer cell tumor markers, prohibitin.